Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis is the general term for inflammation of the conjunctiva - the thin, clear membrane over the white part of the eye and the lining of the eyelids. Commonly referred to as pink eye, the condition's most obvious symptom is a red eye, which is often itchy or painful.

There are several different types of conjunctivitis, some contagious, some not. Viral conjunctivitis is triggered by an external virus or viral infection and usually affects only one eye with excessive watering and a light discharge. Bacterial conjunctivitis is extremely contagious, and usually affects both eyes with a heavy, sometimes green, discharge. Allergic conjunctivitis can be caused by an allergic reaction to such agents as pollen, smoke, fumes or chemicals and usually affects both eyes, causing itching, redness and excessive watering. It is also often accompanied by runny nose. Giant papillary conjunctivitis is caused by a foreign object - like a contact lens - on the eye. It usually affects both eyes and causes contact lens intolerance, itching, heavy discharge, tearing and redness on the underside of the eyelids.

Because conjunctivitis is often contagious, precautions can be taken to prevent it. As a general rule, it is best to wash your hands frequently and avoid touching your eyes; sharing makeup, washcloths or pillowcases should also be avoided. In the case of giant papillary conjunctivitis, it is best to discontinue use of contact lenses until the condition clears up. Medications are usually only prescribed to treat bacterial conjunctivitis, as cases of the other types often improve on their own.